NMS. Surgery

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Contents

Review Questions for Part II 112 Answers and Explanations 118

Part III: Vascular Disorders

6 Arterial Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Alison O. Flentje and Khanjan H. Nagarsheth Limb Ischemia 124 Extracranial Cerebrovascular Disease 129 Aortic Dissection 130 Aneurysms 132

Mesenteric Ischemia 136 Renal Artery Stenosis 138

7 Venous and Lymphatic Disease. . . . . . . . . . . 140 Brittany Aicher, R. Gregory Conway and Rajabrata Sarkar

Anatomy and General Principles 140 Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis 141 Pulmonary Embolism 145 Chronic Venous Disorders: Varicose Veins and Chronic Venous Insufficiency 148 Superficial Venous Thrombophlebitis 150 Lymphedema 151

Review Questions for Part III 153 Answers and Explanations 158

Part IV: Gastrointestinal Disorders

8 Esophageal Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Jonathan P. Pearl Anatomy and Physiology 164 Esophageal Motility Disorders 166

Esophageal Strictures 170 Esophageal Tumors 171 Esophageal Perforation 173 Mallory–Weiss Syndrome 174