Atlas of Forensic Pathology

xv i i i

Contents

10 SHARP FORCE INJURIES...........................................................................273 Introduction................................................................................................ 274 Types of Sharp Force Injuries.....................................................................274 Stab Wound.....................................................................................................274 Incised Wound.................................................................................................279 Chop Wound...................................................................................................281 Sharp Force Injuries of the Bone and Cartilage.........................................284 Introduction. .................................................................................................... 284 Basic Features of Bony Defects From Sharp Force Injuries..............................284 Identifying Class Characteristics of Sharp Force Injuries in the Bone..............286 Other Features Used to Interpret Sharp Force Wound Characteristics...........286 Near Misses................................................................................................288 11 FIREARM INJURY.......................................................................................291 Introduction................................................................................................ 292 Radiography............................................................................................... 292 Basics of Radiography in Firearm Injuries........................................................292 Specific Radiographic Findings Associated With Certain Types of Weapons............................................................................................293 External Examination.................................................................................299 Overall Patterns of Injury to the Body..............................................................299 Interpretation of Gunshot Wound Patterns in the Skin.............................306 Entrance Wounds for Handguns/Rifles............................................................306 Exit Wounds for Handguns/Rifles....................................................................310 Features of Wound That Allow for General Determination of Range of Fire....................................................................................................316 Special Types of Gunshot Wounds..................................................................325 Entrance and Exit Wounds for Shotguns and Relative Range of Fire................................................................................332 Features of the Shotgun Wound That Allow for Determination of Relative Range of Fire......................................................................................333 Internal Examination..................................................................................337 Mechanism of Death in Gunshot Wounds.................................................340 Composition of Projectiles.........................................................................342 Manner of Death Determination With Gunshot Wounds..........................344 Near Misses................................................................................................346 12 FIRE DEATHS.............................................................................................359 Introduction................................................................................................ 360 Features of Thermal Injury.........................................................................365 Description of Flash Fire............................................................................367 Autopsy Features of Fire Deaths................................................................368 Heat-Related Fractures..............................................................................371 Explosion-Related Deaths..........................................................................374 Near Misses................................................................................................375 13 CHILD ABUSE............................................................................................379 Introduction................................................................................................ 380 Features of Subdural Hemorrhage.............................................................383 Features of Retinal Hemorrhages..............................................................386 Other Features in the Eye: Retinoschisis....................................................389 Differential Diagnosis of Subdural and Retinal Hemorrhages...................389 Differential Diagnoses: Glutaric Aciduria Type I and Galactosemia..........389 Differential Diagnosis: Congenital Heart Disease, Meningitis,

and Leukemia.............................................................................................389 Differential Diagnosis: Menkes Disease.....................................................390 Differential Diagnosis: Neurosurgical Complications and Copyright © Wolters Kluwer, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of the content is prohibited. 2023