McKenna's Pharmacology for Nursing, 2e

988

Index

Muscle relaxants continued

brain control, 387 spinal reflexes, 386–387

care considerations, 719–720 contraindications and cautions, 718 drug–drug interactions, 719 pharmacokinetics, 718 therapeutic actions and indications, 717–718 Nitrofurantoin, 820, 821 Nitrous oxide, 416, 420, 422 Nizatidine, 897, 900–901 Nocturia, 681, 684, 819, 824 Nomegestrol, 607, 609 Nomogram, 53, 57 Non-barbiturate anaesthetics, 416, 420–421 Non-competitive antagonists, 17 Non-depolarising neuromuscular junction (NMJ), 432, 434 blockers, 434–437 adverse effects, 436–437 contraindications and cautions, 435–436 drug–drug interactions, 437 pharmacokinetics, 435 therapeutic actions and indications, 435 Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 126, 135 adverse effects, 135 contraindications and cautions, 135 drug–drug interactions, 135 pharmacokinetics, 135 therapeutic actions and indications, 135 Non-selective adrenergic blocking agents, 470–473 adverse effects, 472 care considerations, 473 contraindications and cautions, 471–472 drug–drug interactions, 472 pharmacokinetics, 471 therapeutic actions and indications, 470–471 Non-selective alpha-adrenergic blocking agents, 469, 474–475 adverse effects, 474 care considerations, 474–475 contraindications and cautions, 474 drug–drug interactions, 474 pharmacokinetics, 474 therapeutic actions and indications, 474 Non-selective beta-adrenergic blocking agents, 469, 477–480 adverse effects, 478–479 care considerations, 479–480 contraindications and cautions, 478 critical thinking scenario, 480–482 therapeutic actions and indications, 477 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 240, 246–252 adverse effects, 250 care considerations, 252 contraindications and cautions, 249–250 drug–drug interactions, 250 drug–drug interactions, 480 pharmacokinetics, 477–478

care considerations, 392–393 contraindications and cautions, 391 drug-drug interactions, 392 pharmacokinetics, 391 therapeutic actions and indications, 390–391 nerves and movement, 386–387 brain control, 387 spinal reflexes, 386–387 neuromuscular abnormalities, 387–388 muscle spasm, 387, 388 muscle spasticity, 387–388 older adults, 386 Muscularis mucosa layer, 890 Myasthenia gravis, 487 agents for, 487, 492 Myasthenic crisis versus cholinergic crisis, 493 Mycophenolate, 263, 264, 268–269

nerve plexus, 888, 890 physiology, 293–297 action potential, 292, 294–295 nerve synapse, 295–297 neurons, 292, 293 neurotransmitters, 292, 295–297 synapse, 292, 295, 296 toxicity, effects, 38 Nettle, 966 Neuroendocrine system, 512, 513 Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, 38, 339 Neuroleptics. See Antipsychotic/ neuroleptic drugs Neuromuscular junction (NMJ), 432, 433–434 blocking agents, 432–441 adults, 435 care considerations, 439–440 children, 435 older adults, 435 depolarising junction blockers, 437–439 adverse effects, 438 care considerations, 439 contraindications and cautions, 438 drug–drug interactions, 438 pharmacokinetics, 438 therapeutic actions and indications, 437–438 non-depolarising junction blockers, 432, 434–437 adverse effects, 436–437 contraindications and cautions, 435–436 drug–drug interactions, 437 pharmacokinetics, 435 therapeutic actions and indications, 435 Neurons, 292, 293 Neurotoxicity, 38, 87 atropine-like (anticholinergic) effects, 38 general central nervous system effects, 38 neuroleptic malignant syndrome, 38 Parkinson-like syndrome, 38 Neurotransmitters, 292, 295–297 Neutrophils, 230 Nevirapine, 127, 135, 136 New Zealand Medicines and Medical Devices Safety Authority (MEDSAFE), 2, 8 drug evaluation, 6 legal regulation of drugs, 8–10 reporting medication errors, 49–50 Niacin, 733, 741, 745, 746 Nicorandil, 716, 725

Mycosis, 150, 151 Mydriasis, 501, 502 Myelin sheath, 293, 294–296 Myelocytes, 229, 230 Myocardial contraction, 646 Myocardial infarction, 713, 715

Myocardial muscles, 682 Myocardium, 642, 643 Myosin, 642, 646 Myxoedema, 551, 556 N

Nadolol, 477, 676 Nafarelin, 523, 524 Naloxone, 398, 401, 402, 408 Naltrexone, 402, 408 Nandrolene, 631 Naphazoline hydrochloride, 958 Naproxen, 241, 247, 248 Naratriptan, 411, 412 Narcolepsy, 334, 335–336 Nasal medication, administering, 532, 848 Nausea, postoperative, 933–934 Nebivolol, 477, 478, 676 Nedocromil sodium, 877, 880 Negative feedback system, 512, 517 Neisseria meningitidis vaccine, 279 Nematodes, 179, 180–181 Neomycin, 95 Neoplasms, 190, 191 Neostigmine, 489, 490, 493–495 Nephron, 794, 795–797 function, 796–797 Nephrotoxicity, 36 Nerve block, 424–425 Nerve gas, 487, 491, 492, 493 Nerve plexus, 888, 890 Nerves and the nervous system, 292–301 central nervous system, 297–300

Nicotinic acid, 736, 738, 745 Nicotinic receptors, 444, 451 Nifedipine, 666, 671, 716, 724 Nightshade, 471, 966 Nilotinib, 219, 220, 221 Nilutamide, 212, 215 Nitrates, 713, 714, 716, 717–720 adverse effects, 718–719

brain anatomy, 298 functions, 299–300 spinal cord anatomy, 299

stimulants, 347–348 drugs that act on, 301 movement, 386–387