Kaplan + Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry, 11e

Studies have not shown

surgical procedure

timing of circadian

rhythms and regulates seasonal responses.

vitamin E family

1 month prior to

surgical procedures

Mexico, and Japan

as pharmaceutical

agent for treatment of cerebrovascular and cognitive disorders

effectiveness in

treating Alzheimer’s disease, autism, or schizophrenia

carbidopa is used in Europe for

the treatment of depression.

Found in vegetables, juices, yogurt, and miso

Stop prior to any

Melatonin sets the

Stop members of

Used in Europe,

5-HTP along with

500 mg–1.5 g daily for dl -phenylalanine,

375 mg–2.25 g for dl -phenylalanine

Varies depending on form and

indication—usually about 3–5 g daily

0.3–3 mg hs for short periods of time

1 g/day in divided doses for supplement;

40–90 g/day for schizophrenia

tocotrienols, 200–

300 mg daily with

food; tocopherols, 200 mg/day

food, no more than 20 mg/day

12 g in divided doses for depression and panic attacks

100 mg–2 g daily, safer with carbidopa

Depends on form:

Warfarin 5–10 mg daily with

Comes in 2 forms:

Aspirin, NSAIDs, b -blockers, INH,

NSAIDs, garlic, ginkgo

sedating drugs,

corticosteroids,

valerian, kava kava, 5-HTP, alcohol

antispasmodics

drugs, neomycin, may

be additive with statins

MAOIs and neuroleptic drugs

Possible additive effects with SSRIs and 5-HT receptor agonists (sumatriptan)

SSRIs, MAOIs, methyldopa,

St. John’s wort,

phenoxybenzamine,

5-HT antagonists, 5-HT receptor agonists

Coumadin, aspirin,

Additive with

Warfarin, antiplatelet

Caution in hemophiliacs, mild GI upset, “fishy”-smelling excretions

May inhibit ovulation in 1 g doses, seizures, grogginess, depression, headache, amnesia

Avoid in those who are anuric or have hepatic failure

May increase bleeding in those with propensity to

bleed, possible increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke, thrombophlebitis

insomnia, dry mouth,

tachycardia, hypotension, flushing

with PKU, may exacerbate tardive dyskinesia or hypertension

Caution in patients with bipolar disorder, GI distress

Possible risk of serotonin syndrome in those with

carcinoid tumors or taking MAOIs

GI distress, dizziness,

triglycerides, hypertension, decrease blood clotting

Insomnia, sleep disturbances, jet lag, cancer

Glycine Amino acid Schizophrenia, alleviating spasticity, and seizures

Immune-enhancing, antioxidant, some cancers, protection in CV disease, neurologic disorders, diabetes, premenstrual syndrome

Depression, analgesia, vitiligo Contraindicated in patients Depression, panic attacks, OCD Cerebral ischemic stroke, dementias

insomnia, fibromyalgia, headaches

Depression, obesity,

Melatonin Hormone of pineal gland

soluble vitamin, family made of

tocopherols and tocotrienols

Vinpocetine Semisynthetic derivative of

vincamine (plant derivative)

Phenylalanine Essential amino acid

Myoinositol Major nutritionally active form of inositol

precursor of serotonin

Fish oil Lipids found in fish Bipolar disorder, lowering

Vitamin E family Essential fat-

Immediate

5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)

ADD, attention-deficit disorder; CV, cardiovascular; OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder; GI, gastrointestinal; hs, at night; MAOIs; monamine oxidase inhibitors; PKU, phenylketonuria; SSRIs, serotonin reuptake inhibi- tors; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; INH, isoniazid; 5-HTP, 5-hydroxytryptophan; tid, three times a day; bid, twice a day. (Table by Mercedes Blackstone, M.D.) 1051