Errores comunes en Medicina de urgencias - Mattu

Amal Mattu Arjun S. Chanmugam Stuart P. Swadron Dale Woolridge Michael Winters

2. a edición

Errores comunes en MEDICINA DE URGENCIAS AMPLE

Errores comunes en: medicina de urgencias

Segunda edición

Editores

Amal Mattu, MD Professor andVice Chair Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Arjun Chanmugam, MD, MBA Professor andVice Chair Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Stuart Swadron, MD, FRCPC Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los Angeles, California

Dale P. Woolridge, MD, PhD Professor of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona Michael E. Winters, MD Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Editor de la serie Lisa Marcucci, MD AMPLE InsideSurgery, LLC Wayne, Pennsylvania

Av. Carrilet, 3, 9.a planta, Edificio D-Ciutat de la Justícia 08902 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona (España) Tel.: 93 344 47 18 Fax: 93 344 47 16 Correo electrónico: consultas@wolterskluwer.com

Revisión científica Dr. Roberto Alonso González Especialista en urgencias médico-quirúrgicas Coordinador clínico del Hospital General Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza”, IMSS Profesor de urgencias médico-quirúrgicas en la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Ciudad de México

Traducción: Dr. Marco Antonio Tovar Sosa

Dirección editorial: Carlos Mendoza Editor de desarrollo: Cristina Segura Flores Gerente de mercadotecnia: Juan Carlos García Cuidado de la edición: LeonoraVéliz Salazar Maquetación: Eric Aguirre • Aarón León • Ernesto Aguirre Diseño de portada: Jesús Mendoza M. Impresión: R.R. Donnelley Shenzen/Impreso en China

Se han adoptado las medidas oportunas para confirmar la exactitud de la información presentada y describir la práctica más aceptada. No obstante, los autores, los redactores y el editor no son respon- sables de los errores u omisiones del texto ni de las consecuencias que se deriven de la aplicación de la información que incluye, y no dan ninguna garantía, explícita o implícita, sobre la actualidad, integridad o exactitud del contenido de la publicación. Esta publicación contiene información general relacionada con tratamientos y asistencia médica que no debería utilizarse en pacientes individuales sin antes contar con el consejo de un profesional médico, ya que los tratamientos clínicos que se describen no pueden considerarse recomendaciones absolutas y universales. El editor ha hecho todo lo posible para confirmar y respetar la procedencia del material que se repro- duce en este libro y su copyright. En caso de error u omisión, se enmendará en cuanto sea posible. Algunos fármacos y productos sanitarios que se presentan en esta publicación solo tienen la aproba- ción de la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) para uso limitado al ámbito experimental. Compete al profesional sanitario averiguar la situación de cada fármaco o producto sanitario que pretenda utili- zar en su práctica clínica, por lo que aconsejamos consultar con las autoridades sanitarias competentes. Derecho a la propiedad intelectual (C. P. Art. 270) Se considera delito reproducir, plagiar, distribuir o comunicar públicamente, en todo o en parte, con ánimo de lucro y en perjuicio de terceros, una obra literaria, artística o científica, o su transfor- mación, interpretación o ejecución artística fijada en cualquier tipo de soporte o comunicada a través de cualquier medio, sin la autorización de los titulares de los correspondientes derechos de propiedad intelectual o de sus cesionarios. Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer Two Commerce Square 2001 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 ISBN de la edición original: 978-1-4963-32074-2 AMPLE Reservados todos los derechos. Copyright de la edición en español © 2018 Wolters Kluwer ISBN de la edición en español: 978-84-17033-28-6 Depósito legal: M-32428-2017 Edición en español de la obra original en lengua inglesa Avoiding Common Errors in the Emergency Department 2 ed., de Amal Mattu, Arjun S. Chanmugam, MBA, Stuart P. Swadron, Dale Woolridge y Michael Winters publicada por Wolters Kluwer.

Aviso legal

Los editores y autores de este libro de texto están convencidos de que la práctica com- pleja de la medicina, las variaciones en las enfermedades humanas, la impredecibilidad de las patologías y las funciones, disfunciones y respuestas del cuerpo humano no pueden definirse, explicarse o clasificarse a detalle en ningún documento escrito. No es ni el obje- tivo ni la finalidad de este libro de texto servir como la máxima fuente autorizada sobre cual- quier trastorno médico, plan de tratamiento o intervención clínica, ni los libros de texto deben usarse para definir rigurosamente un estándar de atención estricto que deba ser seguido por todos los médicos. Cada encuentro médico debe individualizarse y en cada paciente debe abordarse un caso a la vez . En cualquier momento determinado, las acciones y las intervenciones del médico deben guiarse por circunstancias únicas en tiempo real, el medio clínico y los anteceden- tes en ese momento, su experiencia individual y, sobre todo, el juicio clínico. Se han hecho todos los intentos para asegurarse de la precisión de las recomenda- ciones de manejo y las dosis de los medicamentos. Sin embargo, se invita al lector a con- sultar otras fuentes para confirmar las recomendaciones y las dosis de los medicamentos. Los editores con gusto reciben comentarios, correcciones y sugerencias. Favor de enviarlos a insidesurgery@gmail.com. AMPLE

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Editores asociados

Amin Anton Abdi, MD Clinical Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Kristin Berona, MD Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Rahul Bhat, MD, FACEP Associate Program Director Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine Washington Hospital Center Emergency Medicine Residency Program Georgetown University Hospital Washington, District of Columbia Paul Blackburn, DO Clinical Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine—Phoenix Attending Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Maricopa Medical Center Phoenix, Arizona

Ilene Claudius, MD Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University

of Southern California Los Angeles, California

Lillian L. Emlet, MD, MS Assistant Professor Department of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania John C. Greenwood, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine at the

University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

William J. Brady, MD, FACEP, FAAEM AMPLE Tarlan Hedayati, MD, FACEP Assistant Professor Associate Program Director Department of Emergency Medicine Cook County (Stroger) Hospital Chicago, Illinois

James (Jim) Homme, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Associate Program Director Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinical College of Medicine Rochester, Minnesota

Professor of Emergency Medicine and The David A. Harrison Distinguished Educator University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville,Virginia

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Editores asociados

J. Scott Lowry, MD, FACEP Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona Joseph P. Martinez, MD Associate Professor Departments of Emergency Medicine and Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Anna McFarlin, MD Assistant Professor Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana Jenny S. Mendelson, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Christopher R. Peabody, MD, MPH Assistant Clinical Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California

Michelle Rhodes, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Section of Geriatrics, General and Palliative Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Department of Medicine Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona Emily Rose, MD Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Debra S. Rusk, MD, FAAEM, FAAP Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Department of Emergency Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Timothy Ruttan, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, Davis Sacramento, California Jan Marie Shoenberger, MD Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Ramin Tabatabai, MD Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California

Arun Nair, MD, MPH Instructor Assistant Program Director LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California AMPLE Dena Reiter, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

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Editores asociados

Semhar Z. Tewelde, MD Assistant Professor

Christopher G. Williams, MD, FAWM Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona George Willis, MD Director of UndergraduateMedical Education Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Assistant Residency Program Director Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Eric Wei, MD, MBA, FACEP, FAAEM Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Associate Medical Director, Quality, Safety and Risk LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California R. Gentry Wilkerson, MD Assistant Professor Director of Clinical Research Assistant Residency Program Director Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

AMPLE

Colaboradores

Amin Anton Abdi, MD Clinical Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Nicholas Abraham, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Omoyemi Adebayo, MD Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Jerussa Aita-Levy, MD, MPH Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Section of Emergency Medicine Department of Pediatrics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana Nour Al Jalbout, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Nicole Alexander, MCMSc, PA-C Physician Assistant Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland James Aiken, MD, MHA Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine and Public Health LSU Emergency Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana

Sheryl E. Allen, MD, MS, FAAP Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Department of Emergency Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Dennis Allin, MD, FACEP, FAAEM, FAEMS Associate Professor and Chair Department of Emergency Medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas Michael Allison, MD Attending Physician Adult Intensive Care Unit Saint Agnes Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Donald W. Alves, MD, MS, FACEP Emergency Medicine Specialist Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Dhara P. Amin, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Cook County Hospital (Stroger) Chicago, Illinois Ashkon Ansari, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Derrick Ashong, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Carmen Avendano, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Julianne Awrey, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, Davis Sacramento, California Keith Azevedo, MD Anesthesia Critical Care Fellow Department of Anesthesia Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri Farhad Aziz, MD Clinical Instructor of Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky Jessica Balderston, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University

Solomon Behar, MD Medical Director of Disaster Planning Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles Los Angeles, California Ghofrane Benghanem, MD Emergency Medicine Physician Inova Fairfax Hospital Falls Church,Virginia Erik A. Berg, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Kristin Berona, MD Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Raymond Beyda, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn, NewYork Neha Bhasin, MD Assistant Professor Director, Pediatric Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center University of Arizona Cancer Center Tucson, Arizona Sanjay Bhatt, MD, MS, MMM Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California

VCU Medical Center Richmond,Virginia

Brian L. Bauerband, MD Department of Emergency Medicine University of Alabama Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama Patricia Bayless, MD Attending, Emergency Department Maricopa Medical Center/Maricopa Integrated Health System Clinical Assistant Professor, Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine—Phoenix Phoenix, Arizona Daren M. Beam, MD, MS Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Kevin Biese, MD, MAT Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine and Internal Medicine Division of Geriatrics Vice-Chair of Academic Affairs Co-Director Division of Geriatrics Emergency Medicine University North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill, North Carolina AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Paul Blackburn, DO Clinical Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine—Phoenix Attending Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Maricopa Medical Center Phoenix, Arizona Frederick C. Blum, MD, FACEP, FAAP, FIFEM Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine WestVirginia University School of Medicine Morgantown, WestVirginia Christopher Bodle, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia James Bohan, MD Associate Program Director Emergency Medicine Residency Program Arnot Ogden Medical Center Elmira, NewYork Kerri N. Booker, RDH, MMS, PA-C Physician Assistant Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Matthew P. Borloz, MD, FACEP Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine Roanoke,Virginia Kimberly Boswell, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Ariel Bowman, MD Chief Resident Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California

Ian Boyd, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky Hans Bradshaw, MD Assistant Professor Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics University of Arizona College of Medicine Tuscon, Arizona William J. Brady, MD, FACEP, FAAEM Professor of Emergency Medicine andThe DavidA. Harrison Distinguished Educator University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville,Virginia Caroline Brandon, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Ryan Brooks, MBA Clinical Administrator Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Amy Buckowski, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Jeffrey Bullard-Berent, MD Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatric Emergency Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico Daniel Cabrera, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Lui Caleon, MD, MPH

Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Resident Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, Louisiana AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Michele Callahan, MD Clinical Instructor, Chief Resident Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Ronna L. Campbell, MD, PhD Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Emily Streyer Carlisle, MD, MA Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Casey Carr, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Ed Casabar, PharmD, BCPS, AQ-ID Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Infectious Diseases Barnes-Jewish Hospital St. Louis, Missouri Wan-Tsu Wendy Chang, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Arjun Chanmugam, MD, MBA Professor andVice Chair Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Mary L. Cheffers, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center

Kevin K. Chung, DO Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Nicole Cimino-Fiallos, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Christina Clark, PA-C Emergency Medicine Physician Assistant Johns Hopkins Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Cullen Clark, MD Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Resident Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, Louisiana Casey M. Clements, MD, PhD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Kristina Colbenson, MD Senior Associate Consultant Departments of Emergency Medicine and Sports Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Alessandra Conforto, MD Clinical Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los Angeles, California MatthewW. Connelly, MD Chief Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Dale Cotton, MD

Los Angeles, California Allen Chiou, MD Department of Emergency Medicine Kaiser Permanente South Sacramento Medical Center Sacramento, California AMPLE Department of Emergency Medicine Loma Linda University Medical Center Loma Linda, California

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Colaboradores

Christopher J. Coyne, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine UC San Diego Health System San Diego, California Kelley Crane, MCMSc, PA-C Physician Assistant Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Liesl A. Curtis, MD, FACEP Assistant Clinical Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Medstar Georgetown University Hospital Washington, District of Columbia Jonathan Dangers, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas James Mathew Dargin, MD Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Lahey Hospital & Medical Center Burlington, Massachusetts Timothy S. Davie, MD Associate Program Director Director of Quality Improvement Department of Emergency Medicine Maricopa Medical Center Phoenix, Arizona Lindsey DeGeorge, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Georgetown University Hospital/ Washington Hospital Center Washington, District of Columbia Matthew C. DeLaney, MD, FACEP, FAAEM Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama

Lawrence DeLuca Jr., EdD, MD Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona Shoma Desai, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Pierre Detiege, MD Assistant Program Director, Emergency Medicine Residency Director Team Section of Emergency Medicine LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana Vincent Devlin, DO, MHS Resident Department of Pediatrics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Georgetown University Hospital Washington, District of Columbia Constantino Diaz, MD Emergency Medical Specialist Baptist Medical Center Jacksonville Baptist Medical Center South Jacksonville, Florida Ryan Dick-Perez, DO Resident Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesia University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City, Iowa New Orleans, Louisiana Kayla Dewey, MD Emergency Ultrasound Fellow

Department of Emergency Medicine Medstar Washington Hospital Center/ Brian Doane, MD Assistant Medical Director Northwest Community Hospital Arlington Heights, Illinois AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Christopher I. Doty, MD, FAAEM, FACEP Professor of Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington, Kentucky Sangeeth Dubbireddi, MD Assistant Professor Department of Medicine University of Minnesota Duluth Sarah B. Dubbs, MD Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Jesse Dubey, DO Resident Physician Division of Emergency Medicine University of South Florida Tampa, Florida Jeffrey Dubin, MD, MBA Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine Georgetown University School of Medicine Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine MedStar Washington Hospital Center Staff Intensivist Private Practice Duluth, Minnesota

Frank J. Edwards, MD, FACEP Program Director

Emergency Medicine Residency Arnot Ogden Medical Center Elmira, NewYork Michael R. Ehmann, MD, MPH, MS Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Erick A. Eiting, MD, MPH, MMM Assistant Professor Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine NewYork University School of Medicine NewYork, NewYork Clifford C. Ellingson, MD Chief Resident Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Banner University Medical Center and Diamond Children’s Medical Center Tucson, Arizona Jonathan Elmer, MD, MS Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine and

Washington, District of Columbia Robert B. Dunne, MD, FACEP Vice Chief of Emergency Medicine St. John Hospital and Medical Center Detroit, Michigan Mission Health System Asheville, North Carolina Christopher J. Edwards, PharmD, BCPS Clinical Staff Pharmacist—Emergency Medicine Clinical Assistant Professor—Department of Emergency Medicine Director—PGY2 Emergency Medicine Critical Care Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Lillian L. Emlet, MD, MS Assistant Professor Department of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Theodore Fagrelius, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Jennifer Farah, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California AMPLE Brian Edwards, MD Asheville Hospitalist Group Pharmacy Residency Program Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona

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Colaboradores

Joshua D. Farkas, MD, MS Assistant Professor Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington,Vermont Jeffrey D. Ferguson, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond,Virginia William C. Ferguson, MD FACEP, NRP Associate Professor

Dariush Garber, MD, MPH Department of Emergency Medicine Kaiser Permanente South Sacramento Medical Center Sacramento, California Tabitha Gargano, MD Department of Emergency Medicine Medstar Georgetown University Hospital Washington, District of Columbia Arturo S. Gastañaduy, MD Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Department of Pediatrics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, Louisiana Bahrenegash Getachew, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland C. Blayke Gibson, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama Harman S. Gill, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Sections of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center

Emergency Medicine Specialist University of Alabama Hospital

Birmingham, Alabama Heather Miller Fleming, MD Assistant Professor

Department of Emergency Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Abraham Flinders, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Adrian Flores, MD, MPH Clinical Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California Tiffany C. Fong, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Eric C. Funk, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Ryan Gallagher, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine University of Kansas Hospital Kansas City, Kansas Lebanon, New Hampshire George Glass, MD Clinical Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Virgina School of Medicine Charlottesville,Virginia Kathi Glauner, MD, PhD Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Kansas Hospital Kansas City, Kansas Lisa C. Goldberg, MD Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Nicholas Goodmanson, MD Adult Fellow Department of Critical Care Medicine, Emergency Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Michael Gottlieb, MD, RDMS Director of Emergency Ultrasound Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois Christopher Greene, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Alabama Birmingham Hospital Birmingham, Alabama Spencer Greene, MD, MS, FACEP, FACMT Director of Medical Toxicology Assistant Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics Department of Emergency Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas Kendra Grether-Jones, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, Davis Sacramento, California Ashley Grigsby, DO Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Resident Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Heather Groth, MD Department of Emergency Medicine University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville,Virginia Mindi Guptill, MD Emergency Medicine Physician Loma Linda University Medical Center Loma Linda, California Andrés Guzmán, MD Medical Instructor

Bachar Hamade, MD, MSc Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Aaryn K. Hammond, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Marita M. Harris-Naddell, MD Emergency Medicine Resident Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Thomas Hartka, MD, MS Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Virginia Health Sciences Center Charlottesville,Virginia Molly Hartrich, MD, MPH Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California J. Adam Hawkins, DO Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, Davis Sacramento, California Geoffrey P. Hays, MD Resident Physician Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana

Emergency Medicine Section Pontificia Universidad Católica Santiago, Chile Heather A. Heaton, MD Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Tarlan Hedayati, MD, FACEP Assistant Professor Associate Program Director Department of Emergency Medicine Cook County (Stroger) Hospital Chicago, Illinois Nicole Heidenreich, PA-C Physician Assistant Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Corey Heitz, MD Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Carilion Clinic—Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine Roanoke,Virginia John Herrick, DO Assistant Professor Associate Program Director CHRISTUS Spohn Emergency Medicine Residency Program Texas A&M Health and Science Center Corpus Christi, Texas Harry E. Heverling, DO Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Guyon J. Hill, MD Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellow Dell Children’s Medical Center of Central Texas The University of Texas at Austin—Dell Medical School Austin, Texas Hugh F. Hill III, MD, JD, FACEP, FCLM Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland

Jon Mark Hirshon, MD, MPH, PhD Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Erik R. Hofmann, MD, MS Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Tim Horeczko, MD, MSCR, FACEP, FAAP Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles County Harbor—UCLA Medical Center Torrance, California Dennis Hsieh, MD, JD Attending Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Los Angeles County Harbor—UCLA Medical Center Torrance, California Cindy H. Hsu, MD, PhD Assistant Professor Division of Emergency Critical Care Department of Emergency Medicine Division of Acute Care Surgery Department of Surgery University of Michigan Health System Ann Arbor, Michigan Kami M. Hu, MD Clinical Instructor Departments of Internal and Emergency Medicine University of Maryland Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Delphine J. Huang, MD, MS Resident

Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Margaret Huang, MD Fellow Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, California Korin Hudson, MD, FACEP, CAQSM Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Georgetown University School of Medicine Attending Physician Department of Emergency Medicine MedStar Health Washington, District of Columbia Maite Anna Huis in ‘t Veld, MD Cardiovascular Emergencies Fellow Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Cameron Hypes, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Department of Internal Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona Michael Iacono, MD, MS Resident LSU Emergency Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana Chidubem Iloabachie, MD Emergency Medicine Physician Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Elias J. Jaffa, MD, MS Assistant Professor Division of Emergency Medicine Duke University Hospital Durham, North Carolina Aarti Jain, MD Chief Resident Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California

Alexander Jenson, MD, MPH Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Jacob C. Jentzer, MD, FACC Assistant Professor Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Nicholas Johnson, MD Acting Assistant Professor of Medicine Division of Emergency Medicine Attending Physician, Neurocritical Care Service & Medical Intensive Care Unit Associate Program Director, Critical Care Medicine Fellowship University of Washington/Harborview Medical Center Seattle, Washington Derick D. Jones, MD, MBA Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota Landon A. Jones, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky Candice Jordan, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Melissa Joseph, MD

Attending Emergency Physician The Medical Center of Aurora Aurora, Colorado Jordan Alexander Justice, MD Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Resident University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Shawn K. Kaku, MD Private Practice CastroValley, California Jessica Kanis, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children Indianapolis, Indiana Shikha Kapil, MD Department of Emergency Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Grady Memorial Hospital Atlanta, Georgia Benjamin Karfunkle, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas Devin M. Keefe, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Shaughn Keating, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Clinton G. Keilman, MD Emergency Medicine Physician Duke University Medical Center, Durham Durham, North Carolina Dylan Sean Kellogg, MD Core Faculty Department of Emergency Medicine Arnot Ogden Medical Center Elmira, NewYork Kathryn M. Kellogg, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Georgetown University School of Medicine MedStar Health Columbia, Maryland Sara Khaghani, MD, MPH Attending Emergency Physician Kaiser Permanente Modesto Medical Center Modesto, California

Feras Khan, MD Clinical Assistant Professor

Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Danya Khoujah, MBBS, FAAEM Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Charles Khoury, MD, MSHA Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama Eric Stephen Kiechle, MD, MPH Resident Georgetown University Hospital/ Washington Hospital Center Emergency Medicine Washington, District of Columbia Christopher S. Kiefer, MD Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine WestVirginia University School of Medicine Morgantown, WestVirginia Kevin M. Klauer, DO, EJD, FACEP Chief Medical Officer-Emergency Medicine and Chief Risk Officer, TEAMHealth Executive Director, TEAMHealth Patient Safety Organization Knoxville, Tennessee Assistant Clinical Professor Michigan State University College of

Osteopathic Medicine East Lansing, Michigan Aaron E. Kornblith, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Kara Kowalczyk, MD Department of Emergency Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Nathan Kuppermann, MD, MPH Professor Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Bo Tomas Brofeldt Endowed Chair Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, Davis Sacramento, California Priya Kuppusamy, MD Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Diana Ladkany, MD Chief Resident Department of Emergency Medicine MedStar Washington Hospital Center Washington, District of Columbia Michelle D. Lall, MD, MHS, FACEP Assistant Professor Assistant Residency Director Department of Emergency Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Allison D. Lane, MD Assistant Professor Departments of Emergency Medicine and Sports Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona Stephanie Lareau, MD, FAWM, FACEP Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine Roanoke,Virginia Hollynn Larrabee, MD Adjunct Associate Professor Division of Emergency Medicine University of Utah School of Medicine Intermountain Medical Center Salt Lake City, Utah

Evelyn Lee, MD Attending Emergency Physician Providence Little Company of Mary Medical Center Torrance, California Stephen D. Lee, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Suh H. Lee, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina Ben Leeson, MD Assistant Professor Director, Emergency Ultrasound and Assistant Program Director Department of Emergency Medicine CHRISTUS Spohn Emergency Medicine Residency Texas A&M Health Center Corpus Christi, Texas Director, Emergency Medical Education Department of Emergency Medicine CHRISTUS Spohn Emergency Medicine Residency Texas A&M Health Center Corpus Christi, Texas Eric M. LeFebvre, MD Clinical Instructor of Emergency Medicine Geriatrics Fellow Department of Emergency Medicine University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill, North Carolina Kimberly Leeson, MD Assistant Professor

Tracy Leigh LeGros, MD, PhD Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University Medical Center New Orleans New Orleans, Louisiana AMPLE

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Colaboradores

Dustin Leigh, MD Division of Emergency Medicine Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona Michael Levine, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los Angeles, California Matthew J. Levy, DO, MSc, FACEP, FAEMS Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Mitchell Louis Judge Li, MD Emergency Medicine Physician Detroit, Michigan Stephen Y. Liang, MD, MPHS Assistant Professor of Medicine Divisions of Emergency Medicine and Infectious Diseases Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri Brian J. Lin, MD Department of Emergency Medicine NYU/Bellevue Hospital NewYork, NewYork Megan Litzau, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Lauren Longyear, BS Marin General Hospital Greenbrae, California Brent Lorenzen, MD, FACEP Clinical Instructor of Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona

Allison S. Luu, MS, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Jeremy Lux, DO, FACEP, FAAEM Medical Director and Chair of Emergency Medicine Arnot Health System Elmira, NewYork Julia N. Magana, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, Davis Sacramento, California Trent R. Malcolm, MD, MS Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland William K. Mallon, MD Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine Director, Division of International Emergency Medicine Director, International Emergency Medicine Fellowship Program Department of Emergency Medicine Stony Brook University School of Medicine Stony Brook, NewYork Steven A. Manganaro, FACEP, FAAFP Core Faculty Emergence Medicine Residency Department of Emergency Medicine Arnot Ogden Medical Center Elmira, NewYork Kenneth D. Marshall, MD, MA Assistant Professor

Department of Emergency Medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas John W. Martel, MD, PhD, FACEP Assistant Professor Emergency Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine Maine Medical Center Portland, Maine AMPLE

xx

Colaboradores

Christopher Martin, MD Marin General Hospital Greenbrae, California Joseph P. Martinez, MD Associate Professor Departments of Emergency Medicine and Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Jennifer Marvil, MD, MA Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Jared T. Marx, MD, FACEP Clinical Associate Professor Emergency Department Ultrasound Division Chief Emergency Ultrasound Fellowship Director Emergency Department University of Kansas Hospital Kansas City, Kansas Ernest Mavunga, MD, Msc Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Maryann Mazer-Amirshahi, PharmD, MD, MPH Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Georgetown University School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine MedStar Washington Hospital Center Washington, District of Columbia Ross McCormack, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Taylor McCormick, MD Clinical Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine Denver Health Medical Center University of Colorado Denver, Colorado

Anna McFarlin, MD Assistant Professor Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana Henderson D. McGinnis, MD Associate Professor Davis Medical Center Emergency Department Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston-Salem, North Carolina Kubwimana Moses Mhayamaguru, MD, EMT-P EMS Fellow, Clinical Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona Peter Milano, MD, MHA Attending Staff Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Long Beach Memorial Medical Center Long Beach, California Rebecca Milligan, MD Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona Lisa D. Mills, MD Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, Davis Sacramento, California Daniel Mindlin, MD Providence Alaska Medical Center Anchorage, Alaska Christine Mlynarek, MD Resident

Department of Emergency Medicine St. John Hospital and Medical Center Warren, Michigan Nicholas M. Mohr, MD, MS, FACEP Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesia Iowa City, Iowa AMPLE

xxi

Colaboradores

Manuel R. Montano, MD Clinical Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Attending Physician, Emergency Medicine The Medical Center of Aurora Aurora, Colorado Attending Physician, Emergency Medicine Denver Health Medical Center Denver, Colorado Attending Physician, Emergency Medicine North Suburban Medical Center Thornton, Colorado Sachin Moonat, MD, PhD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Eric J. Morley, MD, MS, FAAEM Clinical Associate Professor Clinical Director Department of Emergency Medicine Stony Brook University School of Medicine Stony Brook, NewYork Matthew Morrison, MD Attending Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center Bronx, NewYork Josh Mugele, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana Nicole Muhlbauer, MD, MPH Department of Pediatrics University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona Terrence Mulligan, DO, MPH, FACEP, FAAEM, FACOEP, FIFEM, FNVSHA Clinical Associate Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Affiliate Faculty University of Maryland Institute for Global Health Baltimore, Maryland

Collyn T. Murray, MD Resident Department of Emergency Medicine University of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill, North Carolina R. Alissa Mussell, MD Attending Physician Cottonwood Emergency Medicine Physicians Salt Lake City, Utah Benjamin D. Musser, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Arun Nair, MD, MPH Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Sreeja Natesan, MD Assistant Program Director Duke University Medical Center Emergency Medicine Specialist St. John Hospital and Medical Center Warren, Michigan Adam E. Nevel, MD, MBA Emergency Medicine Specialist University of Virginia Health System Lynchburg,Virginia Vivienne Ng, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona Joshua (Josh) Nichols, MD Resident Durham, North Carolina Grant Nelson, MD

Department of Emergency Medicine Carilion Roanoke Memorial Hospital Roanoke,Virginia AMPLE

xxii

Colaboradores

Christopher P. Nickson, MBChB, MClinEpid, FACEM, FCICM Adjunct Lecturer School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine Monash University Intensivist Department of Intensive Care The Alfred Hospital Melbourne, Australia Michael Nitzberg, MD Emergency Medicine Chief Resident Georgetown/Washington Hospital Center Washington, District of Columbia Patricia Petrella Nouhan, MD, FACEP Residency Program Director St. John Hospital and Medical Center Associate Clinical Faculty Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit, Michigan Shabnam Nourparvar, MD Emergency Medicine Specialist Piedmont Fayette Hospital Fayetteville, Georgia Ngozi Nweze, MD Pediatric Specialist Harlem Hospital Pediatric Clinic NewYork, NewYork Adeolu Ogunbodede, MD Resident University of Maryland Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland Talib Omer, MD, PhD, RDMS Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Jorge Ontiveros, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Erin Osiecki, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, Davis Sacramento, California

Jessica Lange Osterman, MS, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los Angeles, California Garrett S. Pacheco, MD Assistant Professor Departments of Emergency Medicine & Pediatrics University of Arizona College of Medicine Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona Kelly A. Painter, MD, FACEP Adjunct Professor Department of Family Medicine Oklahoma State University Southwest Medical Center Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Joseph S. Palter, MD Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Cook County Health and Hospitals System Rush Medical College Chicago, Illinois Dilnaz Panjwani, MD, FACEP Emergency Medicine Specialist St. John Hospital and Medical Center Warren, Michigan Aisha Parker, MD Resident Section of Emergency Medicine Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana Richard Paul, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine St. John Hospital and Medical Center Detroit, Michigan Christopher R. Peabody, MD, MPH Assistant Clinical Professor

Department of Emergency Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California AMPLE

xxiii

Colaboradores

Michael Wolfe Pierce, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland Lee Plantmason, MD, MPH Clinical Instructor Department of Emergency Medicine LAC + USC Medical Center Los Angeles, California Attending Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Sharp Memorial Hospital San Diego, California Jennifer L. Plitt, MD Haley M. Rapp, MD Clinical Instructor of Surgery Fellow, Emergency Medicine Simulation and Education Fellowship Division of Emergency Medicine Saint Louis University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri Debra Ravert, MD Resident Physician Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland John C. Ray, MD Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Wisconsin Kevin Reed, MD, FAAEM, Clinical Instructor Simulation Fellow Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona Department of Emergency Medicine EMS Medical & Base Station Director MedStar Harbor Hospital Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine MedStar Georgetown University Hospital MedStar Washington Hospital Center Washington, District of Columbia

Dena Reiter, MD Assistant Professor

Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Rodica Retezar, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Lindsey Retterath, MD Resident Physician Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics University of Arizona College of Medicine Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona Salim Rezaie, MD Emergency Medicine/Internal Medicine Physician Division of Emergency Medicine and Hospitalist Medicine University of Texas Health and Science Center San Antonio, Texas Michelle Rhodes, MD Assistant Professor

FACEP Vice Chair Department of Emergency Medicine Section of Geriatrics, General and Palliative Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine Department of Medicine Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Arizona Randall T. Rhyne, MD, FACEP, FAAEM Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Derek K. Richardson, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Department of Emergency Medicine San Francisco General Hospital San Francisco, California AMPLE