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CHAPTER 11 | Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
osteoporosis, joint space narrowing, erosions, subluxation, and ankylosis. • Screening flexion and extension films are recommended prior to anesthesia if cervical disease is suspected. • ANA positivity is a marker of risk for JIA-associated uveitis. • All children with JIA should be evaluated for uveitis at diag- nosis and routinely thereafter. • JIA patients are at risk for growth failure, osteoporosis, and LLD. 1. Kunnamo I, Kallio P, Pelkonen P. Incidence of arthritis in urban Finnish children: a prospective study. Arthritis Rheum 1986;29:2132. 2. Goodman J, McGraft P. The epidemiology of pain in children and adoles- cents: a review. Pain 1991;46:247. 3. McGrath P, McAlpine L. Psychologic perspectives on pediatric pain. J Pediatr 1993;122:52. 4. Cuesta I, Kerr K, Simpson P. Subspecialty referrals for pauciarticular juve- nile rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000;154(2):122. 5. Brewer E, Bass J, Cassidy J. Criteria for the classification of juvenile rheu- matoid arthritis. Bull Rheum Dis 1972;23:712–719. 6. Bulletin 4. Nomenclature and classification of arthritis in children . Basel, Switzerland: National Zeitung AG, 1977. 7. Fink C. Proposal for the development of classification criteria for idio- pathic arthritides of childhood. J Rheumatol 1995;22:1566. 8. Petty RE, et al. International League of Associations for Rheumatology classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: second revision, Edmonton, 2001. J Rheumatol 2004;31(2):390–392. 9. Foeldvari I, Bidde M. Validation of the proposed ILAR classification cri- teria for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. International League of Associations for Rheumatology. J Rheumatol 2000;27(4):1069. 10. Ramsey S, Bolaria R, Cabral D. Comparison of criteria for the classifica- tion of childhood arthritis. J Rheumatol 2000;27(5):1283. 11. Hofer M, Mouy R, Prieur A. Juvenile idiopathic arthritides evaluated pro- spectively in a single center according to the Durban criteria. J Rheumatol 2001;28(5):1083. 12. Krumrey-Langkammerer M, Hafner R. Evaluation of the ILAR criteria for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Rheumatol 2001;28(11):2544. 13. Danner S, et al. Epidemiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Alsace, France. J Rheumatol 2006;33(7):1377–1381. 14. Prahalad S. Genetics of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an update. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2004;16(5):588–594. 15. Woo P, Laxer R, Sherry D. Pediatric rheumatology in clinical practice . London, UK: Springer, 2007. 16. Morling N, et al. DNA polymorphism of HLA class II genes in pau- ciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Tissue Antigens 1991;38(1): 16–23. 17. Sherry DD, et al. Painless juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. J Pediatr 1990;116(6):921–923. 18. Bunger C, Bulow J, Tondebold E. Microcirculation of the juvenile knee in chronic arthritis. Clin Orthop 1986;204:294. 19. Vostrejs M, Hollister J. Muscle atrophy and leg length discrepancies in pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Dis Child 1988; 142:343. 20. Weiss PF, et al. High prevalence of temporomandibular joint arthritis at disease onset in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, as detected by magnetic resonance imaging but not by ultrasound. Arthritis Rheum 2008;58(4):1189–1196. 21. Twilt, M, et al. Temporomandibular involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Rheumatol 2004;31(7):1418–1422. 22. Bakke M, et al. Orofacial pain, jaw function, and temporomandibular dis- orders in women with a history of juvenile chronic arthritis or persistent REFERENCES
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