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Chapter 11 Culture, Family, and Community

members of diverse cultural groups, such as the officially designated minority groups in the United States, tend to experience greater health inequalities than do members of the gen eral population. This was the impetus for tar geting federally defined population categories, that is, White, Black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native in the first Healthy People 2000 (National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives, 1991). Cultural diversities must be respected and taken into account by healthcare profes sionals and the unique characteristics and indi vidual differences recognized as well. Equally important, we must address the stark inequali ties that exist in health status between minority groups and the wider American society. Healthy People 2030 is a set of goals and objectives with 10-year targets designed to guide national health promotion and disease prevention efforts to improve the health of all people in the United States ( Healthy People 2030 ). Box 11-1 shows what is new in Healthy People 2030 . Overview of Culturally Competent Nursing Care in Community Settings Nurses practice in many different settings within the community, including worksites, schools, phy sicians’ offices, healthcare program sites, clinics, churches, and public health departments. The use of cultural knowledge in community-based

nursing practice begins with a careful assessment of clients and families in their own environments. Cultural data that have implications for nurs ing care are selected from clients, families, and the environment during the assessment phase and are discussed with the client and family to develop mutually shared goals. The Andrews/ Boyle Transcultural Nursing Assessment Guide for Individuals and Families (Appendix A) and the Andrews/Boyle Transcultural Nursing Assessment Guide for Groups and Communities (Appendix B) are helpful when assessing clients, families, groups, and communities. Cultural data are important in the care of all clients; however, in community nursing, they are a prerequisite to successful nursing inter ventions. Community nursing is practiced in a community setting, often in the home of the cli ent, and frequently requires more active partici pation by the client and family. Frequently, the client and family must consider making basic changes in lifestyle, such as changes in diet and exercise patterns. Cultural competence requires that the nurse understand the family lifestyle and value system as well as those cultural forces that are powerful determinants of health-related behaviors. Nurses often work closely with clients with chronic diseases or those who have other health problems, and nursing interventions must include aspects of counseling and educa tion as well as anticipatory guidance directed toward helping clients and families adjust to what may be lifelong conditions. Nurses must take into account the diverse cultural factors

What’s New in Healthy People 2030 ? BOX 11-1 Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of the content is prohibited.

1. Emphasizing ideas of health equity that address social determinants of health and promote health across all stages of life. 2. Healthy People 2030 objectives are organized into intuitive topics so you can easily find the information and data you are

looking for and explore the relevant topics such as Health Conditions, Health Behaviors, Populations, Settings and Systems, and Social Determinants of Health.

Reference: https://www.healthypeople.gov/