Robotic General Surgery

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SECTION 2 • Discipline-Based Practice - Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery

Grade B/C Pancreatic Fistula, n (%) Length of Stay (days) 90-day Mortality, n (%) OPD RPD P = OPD RPD P = OPD RPD P = OPD RPD P = OPD RPD P = Cai et al 450 (238-800) a 200 (150-400) a <.001 392 (327-497) a 373 (331-424) a

.001 64 (15.8) 31 (6.7) <.001 10 (7-14) a 7 (6-11) a <.001 28 (6.9) 13 (2.8) .005 Aziz et al NR NR NR NR NR NR 8 (6-11) a 7 (6-9) a .7 11 (3.4) 10 (3.3) .5 Shyr et al 531 ± 448 b 197 ± 211 b <.001 438 ± 108 b 468 ± 126 b .015 19 (11.2%) 37 (13.0%) .659 24 (8-136) c 20 (6-82) c .014 3 (1.8) 6 (2.1) NS

TABLE 21.2 Summary of Outcomes of Studies Comparing OPD to RPD Author EBL (mL) Operative Time (min)

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EBL, estimated blood loss; NR, not reported; NS, reported as “not significant”; OPD, open pancreatoduodenectomy; RPD, robotic pancreatoduodenectomy. a reported as median (IQR). b reported as mean ± SD. c reported as median (range).