NMS. Surgery

Chapter Cuts ◆◆ Liver masses can represent benign disease, malignancy, or infection. Infections are usually treated with antimicrobials. Benign disease doesn’t require surgical intervention unless symptomatic or to establish a diagnosis. Malignant disease carries a poor prognosis. ◆◆ Diseases of the gallbladder are largely treated with cholecystectomy. ◆◆ Gallstones can cause cystic and common bile duct obstructions leading to acute cholecystitis and ascending cholangitis, respectively. Cholecystectomy is the treatment for acute cholecystitis; however, cholangitis requires treatment with antibiotics and relief of the obstruction usually via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. ◆◆ Progressive disease of the biliary system such as primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cholangitis can lead to liver failure and increase the risk of malignancy. Critical Surgical Associations If You Hear/See Think Liver, Gallbladder, and Biliary Tree Disorders Arielle Cimeno • John C. LaMattina Chapter 10 SAMPLE Replaced right hepatic artery Superior mesenteric artery Hepatic adenoma Oral contraceptives Cyst with “anchovy paste” Amebic abscess Cyst with calcifications Echinococcus Central stellate scar Focal nodular hyperplasia

Alpha-fetoprotein

Hepatocellular carcinoma

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