McKenna's Pharmacology for Nursing, 2e

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C H A P T E R 4 3 Drugs affecting blood pressure

TABLE 43.2

DRUGS IN FOCUS Antihypertensive agents (continued)

Drug name

Dosage/route

Usual indications

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (continued) quinapril (Accupril, Acquin, Qpril)

20–80 mg/day PO, based on response for hypertension; 10–20 mg PO b.d. for HF; reduce dose in people with renal impairment and in geriatric people 2.5–20 mg/day PO for hypertension; 5 mg PO b.d. for HF; reduce dose in geriatric people and people with renal impairment 1–2 mg PO q.i.d. for hypertension; 4 mg/day PO, titrate slowly to that level for HF; reduce dose in people with renal or hepatic impairment

Treatment of hypertension; adjunctive treatment of HF; for use in adults

ramipril (Prilace, Ramace)

Treatment of hypertension; adjunctive treatment of HF; for use in adults

trandolapril (Dolapril, Gopten)

Treatment of hypertension, HF, and after MI; for use in adults

Angiotensin II-receptor blockers candesartan (Atacand)

16–32 mg/day PO

Used alone or as part of combination therapy for treatment of hypertension in adults Used alone or as part of combination therapy for treatment of hypertension in adults Used alone or as part of combination therapy for treatment of tension in adults; slowing progression of diabetic nephropathy in people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes Used alone or as part of combination therapy for treatment of hypertension in adults; slowing progression of diabetic nephropathy with elevated serum creatinine and proteinuria in people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes Used alone or as part of combination therapy to treat hypertension in adults (newest angiotensin II–receptor blocker) Used alone or as part of combination therapy for treatment of hypertension in adults Used alone or as part of combination therapy for treatment of hypertension in adults; treatment of heart failure in people who are intolerant to ACE inhibitors Used alone or in combination with other agents for treatment of hypertension and angina in adults Extended-release preparation used to treat hypertension in adults; other preparations are used for angina Used alone or in combination with other agents for treatment of hypertension in adults Used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics for treatment of hypertension in adults Continued on following page

eprosartan (Teveten)

400–800 mg/day PO

irbesartan (Abisart, Avapro)

150–300 mg/day PO

25–100 mg/day PO

losartan (Cozaar, Cozavan)

olmesartan (Olmetec)

20–40 mg/day PO

telmisartan (Micardis)

40–80 mg/day PO

valsartan (Diovan)

80–320 mg/day PO based on response

Calcium channel blockers amlodipine (Norvasc)

2.5–10 mg/day PO; reduce dose in people with hepatic impairment and in older adults

60–120 mg PO b.d.

diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilzem)

felodipine (Fendex ER, Plendil ER)

10–15 mg/day PO; do not exceed 10 mg/day in geriatric people or in people with hepatic impairment 2.5–10 mg PO b.d.; 5–10 mg/day PO— controlled release

isradipine (DynaCirc)