McKenna's Pharmacology for Nursing, 2e

Contents

 9 Antibiotics 90

Preface  vii To the student using this text  xii Acknowledgements xii  PART 1   Introduction to nursing pharmacology 1  1 Introduction to drugs 2

Bacteria and antibiotics 91 Bacteria and resistance to antibiotics 94 Aminoglycosides 95

Carbapenems 97 Cephalosporins 99 Macrolides 103 Lincosamides 104 Monobactam antibiotic  104 Fluoroquinolones 106 Penicillins and penicillinase-resistant antibiotics 108 Sulfonamides 112 Tetracyclines 114 Antimycobacterials 118 New classes of antibiotics and adjuncts 121 10 Antiviral agents 126 Agents for influenza A and respiratory viruses 130 Agents for herpes and cytomegalovirus 132 Agents for HIV and AIDS 134

Sources of drugs 3 Drug evaluation 5 Legal regulation of drugs 8 Sources of drug information 11

 2 Drugs and the body 15 Pharmacodynamics 16 Pharmacokinetics 19

Factors influencing drug effects 25 Optimal therapeutic effect 28

 3 Toxic effects of drugs 31 Adverse events, adverse drug events and adverse drug reactions 31 Adverse drug effects 32 Drug allergy 33 Drug-induced tissue and organ damage 33  4 Clinical decision making in drug therapy  42 Nursing: Art and science 43 Midwifery: Art and science 43 The clinical decision making process 43 Prevention of medication errors 46  5 Mathematics and dosage calculations 53 Basic mathematical calculations 54 Measuring systems 55 Calculating dose 55  6 Challenges to effective drug therapy 60 Consumer awareness 61 Over-the-counter drugs 62 Alternative therapies and herbal medicine 63 Off-label uses 64 Costs of healthcare and the importance of teaching 64 Drug abuse 66 Protecting the environment 68  PART 2  Chemotherapeutic agents 71  7 Introduction to cell physiology 72 The cell 73 Cell properties 75 Cell cycle 78  8 Anti-infective agents 81 Anti-infective agents 82

Anti-hepatitis B and C agents 144 Locally active antiviral agents 146

11 Antifungal agents 150 Systemic antifungals 151 Topical antifungals 157 12 Antiprotozoal agents 163 Malaria 164 Antimalarials 166 Other protozoal infections 170 Other antiprotozoal agents 172 13 Anthelmintic agents 179

Intestine-invading worm infections 180 Tissue-invading worm infections 181 Anthelmintics 183

14 Antineoplastic agents 190 Cancer 191 Antineoplastic drugs 192

Alkylating agents 195 Antimetabolites 200 Antineoplastic antibiotics 205 Mitotic inhibitors 209 Hormones and hormone modulators 212

Cancer cell–specific agents 218 Miscellaneous antineoplastics 222  PART 3  Drugs acting on the immune system 227 15 Introduction to the immune response and inflammation 228 Body defences 229 Pathophysiology involving the immune system 237