McKenna's Pharmacology for Nursing, 2e

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P A R T 3  Drugs acting on the immune system

4. The health professional recommends that older adults and people who are at high risk of complications of influenza should receive a flu vaccine every autumn based on the understanding that the vaccine is repeated because: a. the immunity wears off after a year. b. the strains of virus predicted to cause the flu change every year. c. a booster shot will activate the immune system. d. older people do not produce good antibodies. 5. The care provider reviews a person’s record to make sure that tetanus booster shots have been given: a. only with exposure to anaerobic bacteria. 6. A health professional suffers a needle stick injury after injecting a person with suspected hepatitis B. The health professional should: a. have repeated titres to determine whether she was exposed to hepatitis B and, if she was, have hepatitis immunoglobulin. b. immediately receive hepatitis immunoglobulin and begin hepatitis B vaccines if she has not already received them. c. start antibiotic therapy immediately. d. go on sick leave until all screening tests are negative. 7. A person is to receive immunoglobulin after exposure to hepatitis A. The person has a previous history of allergies to various drugs. Before giving the immunoglobulin, the nurse or midwife should: a. have emergency equipment readily available. b. premedicate the person with aspirin. c. make sure all of the person’s vaccinations are up to date. d. make sure the person has a ride home. b. every 2 years. c. every 5 years. d. every 10 years.

MULTIPLE RESPONSE Select all that apply. 1. A public education campaign to stress the importance of childhood immunisations should include which of the following points? a. Prevention of potentially devastating diseases outweighs the discomfort and risks of immunisation. b. Routine immunisation is standard practice in Australia and New Zealand. c. The practice of routine immunisations has virtually wiped out many previously deadly or debilitating diseases. d. The risk of severe adverse reactions is on the rise and is not being addressed. e. If there is a family history of autism, that person should avoid immunisations. f. The temporary discomfort associated with the immunisation can be treated with over-the- counter drugs. 2. A mother brings her child to his 18-month maternal and child health centre visit. The health professional would not give the child his routine immunisations in which of the following situations? a. He cried at his last immunisation. b. He developed a fever or rash after his last immunisation. c. He currently has a fever and symptoms of a cold. d. He is allergic to aspirin. e. He is currently taking oral corticosteroids. f. His siblings are all currently being treated for a viral infection. 3. When assessing the medical record of an older adult to evaluate the status of his immunisations, the nurse would be looking for evidence of which of the following? a. yearly pneumococcal vaccination b. yearly flu vaccination c. tetanus booster every 10 years d. tetanus booster every 5 years e. measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine if the person was born after 1957 f. varicella vaccine only if there is evidence that the person had chickenpox as a child