McKenna's Pharmacology for Nursing, 2e

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P A R T 2  Chemotherapeutic agents

TABLE 10.3

DRUGS IN FOCUS Agents for HIV and AIDS

Drug name

Dosage/route

Usual indications

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors efavirenz (Stocrin) Adult: 600 mg/day PO

Treatment of adults and children with HIV in combination with other antiretroviral agents Treatment of adults with HIV where viral replication is evident and resistant to other antiretrovirals Treatment of adults or children with HIV in combination with other antiretroviral agents Combination therapy for the treatment of adults and children with HIV Treatment of advanced infections in adults and children with HIV as part of combination therapy Part of combination therapy for treatment of HIV-1 infection With other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of adults and children with HIV; as an oral solution for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B Treatment of adults with HIV in combination with other antiretroviral agents Treatment of adults with HIV infection in combination with other antiretroviral drugs Treatment of symptomatic HIV in adults as part of combination therapy Treatment of adults with HIV as part of combination therapy Treatment of adults and children with HIV as part of combination therapy Treatment of adults with HIV as part of combination therapy Treatment of adults and children with HIV in combination with other antiretroviral agents Part of combination therapy for the treatment of adults and children with HIV Treatment of adults with HIV as part of combination therapy Treatment of adults with HIV Part of combination therapy for the treatment of HIV in adults

Paediatric: dose determined by age and weight

etravirine (Intelence)

Adult: 200 mg/day PO

Adult: 200 mg/day PO for 14 days, then 200 mg PO b.d. Paediatric: 4 mg/kg PO for 14 days, then 4–7 mg/kg PO b.d.

nevirapine (Viramune)

rilpivirine (Edurant)

Adult: 25 mg/day PO

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors abacavir (Ziagen)

Adult: 300 mg PO b.d. Paediatric: 8 mg/kg PO b.d.

didanosine (Videx)

Adult: 250–400 mg/day PO or 125–200 mg PO b.d. Paediatric >6 months: 100 to 300 mg/m 2 /day Adult: 200 mg/day PO or 240 mg oral solution/ day

emtricitabine (Emtriva)

lamivudine (Combivir, 3TC, Zeffix)

Adult: 100 mg/day PO Paediatric 2–11 years: 3 mg/kg/day PO

stavudine (Zerit)

Adults >60 kg: 40 mg PO q 12 hours Adults <60 kg: 30 mg PO q 12 hours

tenofovir (Viread)

Adult: 300 mg/day PO

500 mg PO b.d.

zidovudine [AZT] (Retrovir)

Protease inhibitors atazanavir (Reyataz)

Adult: 400 mg/day PO

darunavir (Prezista)

Adult: 800 mg/day PO Paediatric: No more than 600 mg/day PO with ritonavir 100 mg PO b.d. Adult: 1,400 mg/day PO with 100 mg/day ritonavir PO or 700 mg PO b.d. with ritonavir 100 mg PO b.d.

fosamprenavir (Telzir)

indinavir (Crixivan)

Adult: 800 mg PO q 8 hours

lopinavir (Kaletra)

Adult and paediatric >35 kg: 400 mg PO b.d.

ritonavir (Norvir)

Adult and paediatric (>2 years): 600 mg PO b.d.

saquinavir (Invirase)

1000 mg PO b.d. with ritonavir 100 mg PO b.d.