Final The Echo Manual DIGITAL

The Echo Manual

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CHAPTER 12 PERICARDIAL DISEASES

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FIGURE 12-2 A: The anterior portion of the pericardial sac and the heart have been removed. This view exposes the lateral, dorsal, and diaphragmatic aspects of the pericardial sac. The visceral and parietal pericardium are con- tinuous at the basal region of the heart, where the great arteries and veins are located. The aorta and pulmonary trunks are enclosed in one sheath, while the pulmonary veins and venae cavae are covered separately. B: The trans- verse sinus ( black arrow path ) is the space between the arterial and venous pericardial reflections that form an access path between the right and left sides of the pericardial cavity. The cul-de-sac behind the left atrium bounded by the pulmonary veins is called the oblique sinus ( white interrupted line area ). Ao , aorta; LPA , left pulmonary artery; LPV , left pulmonary veins; RPA , right pulmonary artery; RPV , right pulmonary veins; SVC , superior vena cava. (B) The heart is shown with only a rim of the pericardium left and marked by the arrows. The transverse sinus is indicated by the asterisks as shown from the right and left sides of the heart. (From Klein AL, Abbara S, Agler DA, et al. American Society of Echocardiography clinical recommendations for multimodality cardiovascular imaging of patients with pericardial disease: Endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography, 2013;26:965–1012 e15, with permission.)

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