Dalley, 10th Edition

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Contents of Vertebral Canal

Cranial dura mater

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

1st cervical spinal nerve

Arachnoid mater (lining dura mater)

2

Spinal ganglion

Spinal cord (cervical enlargement)

Posterior rootlets of spinal nerve

Pedicle of C7 vertebra

Spinal nerve (C8)

External intercostal

Denticulate ligament

Intercostal nerve

Spinal nerve (T5)

Parietal pleura

Rami communicantes

Intercostal nerve (anterior ramus)

Sympathetic trunk

Posterior ramus

Posterior ramus

Innermost intercostal

Spinal cord (lumbar enlargement)

1st lumbar spinal nerve

Conus medullaris

Cauda equina in lumbar cistern (containing CSF in life)

Transversus abdominis

Psoas major

Termination of dural sac

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Anterior rami exiting via anterior sacral foramina

Filum terminale externum in sacral hiatus

Posterior view

FIGURE 2.46. Spinal cord in situ. The vertebral arches and the posterior aspect of the sacrum have been removed to expose the spinal cord in the vertebral canal. The spinal dural sac has also been opened to reveal the spinal cord and posterior nerve roots, the termination of the spinal cord between the L1 and the L2 vertebral level, and the termination of the spinal dural sac at the S2 segment.