BRS

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BRS Neuroanatomy

Substance P

Striatum

Globus pallidus

Habenular nuclei

Habenulointerpeduncular tract

Interpeduncular nucleus

Striatonigral tract

Substantia nigra

Nucleus raphe dorsalis

Dorsal raphe pallidus

Nucleus raphe magnus

Spinal ganglion

Substantia gelatinosa

FIGURE 21.8. Distribution of substance P-containing neurons and their projections. Substance P is the neurotransmit ter for nociceptive neurons of the spinal ganglia. Striatal substance P neurons project via the striatonigral tract to the substantia nigra.

Somatostatin

n s

r o

o f

n e u

n e

u i t

o c

i r c

o r

l c

t

e

c a

x

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L

Ant. hypothalamus and preoptic area

Striatum

Amygdala

= Local circuit neurons

Median eminence

Spinal ganglion

FIGURE 21.9. Distribution of somatostatin-containing neurons and their projections. Somatostatin is found primarily in the anterior hypothalamus and preoptic area. Somatostatinergic neurons project to the hypophyseal portal system and thus regulate the release of growth hormone.

VIII. AMINO ACIDS

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A. Inhibitory amino acid transmitters 1. GABA (Figure 21.10)

■ can be localized by the marker glutamic acid decarboxylase. ■ the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain.