Atlas of Pathos Chapter 6

• Bed rest • NSAIDs or acetaminophen for fever and aches • Sufficient fluid intake • Corrective surgery, if refractory heart failure develops or if damage to heart structures occurs • Replacement of an infected prosthetic valve

Treatment • Penicillin and an aminoglycoside, usually gentamicin

C a r d i o v a s c u l a r D i s o r d e r s

Clinical tip Any patient who’s susceptible to endocarditis, such as those with valvular defects or another pre- disposing factor, should have prophylactic antibi- otics prior to dental or other invasive procedures.

TISSUE CHANGES IN ENDOCARDITIS

Normal heart wall

Myocardium Epicardium

Parietal pericardium Fibrous pericardium Endocardium

Endocarditis

Myocardium Epicardium

Parietal pericardium Fibrous pericardium

Inflamed endocardium

Chapter 6 • Cardiovascular Disorders  65