AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review 4: Print + Ebook (AAOS - American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons)

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Contributors

Ross Taylor, MD, MBA, FAAOS Associate Professor of Orthopedic Surgery and Chief Medical Officer University of Central Florida College of Medicine and HCA Florida Osceola Hospital Orlando, Florida Nikunj N. Trivedi, MD Fellow, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford Medicine Stanford, California Vidyadhar V. Upasani, MD, FAAOS Professor of Clinical Orthopedic Surgery Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of California San Diego San Diego, California Gary F. Updegrove, MD, FAAOS Associate Professor Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Hershey, Pennsylvania Arya Giri Varthi, MD Assistant Professor Department of Orthopedic Surgery Orthopedic Spine Surgery Fellowship Director The Pennsylvania State University Penn State College of Medicine

Michael J. Weaver, MD, FAAOS, FACS Associate Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts Alexander E. Weber, MD, FAAOS Assistant Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Keck School of Medicine of USC Los Angeles, California Kristy L. Weber, MD, FAAOS Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Melbourne, Victoria, Australia David S. Wellman, MD, FAAOS Medical Director of Orthopaedic Trauma Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Westchester Medical Center New York Medical College Valhalla, New York Samuel S. Wellman, MD, FAAOS Associate Professor Department of Orthopaedics Duke University Durham, North Carolina MAJ M. Wesley Honeycutt, USAF, MD Assistant Professor Department of Orthopaedic Surgery F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Brooke Army Medical Center Houston, Texas Lauren E. Wessel, MD Assistant Professor in-Residence University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Kate E. Webster, PhD Professor, School of Allied Health Human Services and Sport La Trobe University

Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut Alex Vasconcellos, MD University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota Kenneth M. Vaz, MD

Adult Reconstruction Orthopedic Surgeon MedStar Georgetown University Hospital Washington, DC

Jeffrey C. Wang, MD, FAAOS Chief, Orthopaedic Spine Service Co-Director USC Spine Center Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery USC Spine Center Keck Medical Center of USC

Los Angeles, California David J. Weatherby, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California Los Angeles UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles, California Copyright © Wolters Kluwer, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of the content is prohibited. 2023

University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota HealthPartners Orthopaedics Regions Hospital St. Paul, Minnesota

AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review 4

© 2025 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons